The dynamics and treatment of the borderline patient have been examined extensively by Otto Kernberg, James F. Masterson, and Richard D. Chessick as well as the present author. In this chapter their theories will be the focus of the discussion. In addition, we shall consider Heinz Kohut, for although he writes primarily about narcissistic disorders, he assumes that his theory concerning narcissistic personalities and some of his ideas regarding schizophrenia cover the main facets of the borderline syndrome.

This chapter is a review of selected papers on the borderline condition.  I am suggesting in this chapter alternatives that I think may be useful to the therapist who is working with the borderline patient.